The global non-response rate (GNR) is an important measure of census data quality. It combines total non-response (households) and partial non-response (questions). This measure is used for the 2016 Census, as it was for the 2011 and 2006 censuses. The GNR is calculated for dissemination of the short-form questionnaire counts and long-form questionnaire estimates. For the long-form census questionnaire, the GNR is weighted to take sampling into account. A lower GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and, as a result, a lower risk of inaccuracy.
The GNR is the main dissemination criterion associated with the quality of the 2016 Census short-form questionnaire counts and long-form questionnaire estimates. The counts and estimates for geographic areas with a GNR equal to or greater than 50% are not published in the standard products. The counts and estimates for these areas have a high risk of non-response bias, and in most cases, should not be released. The 50% threshold was set based on analyses produced following the 2011 Census and National Household Survey of the GNR in relation to non-response bias indicators. Those analyses showed that with a GNR of 50% or higher, the level of bias was sufficiently high to make the estimates below an acceptable quality. For more information on the GNR, please see further data quality notes at http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/ref/98-304/chap11-eng.cfmThis variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.
The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.
This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.Refers to people who are, or have been, landed immigrants in Canada. A landed immigrant is a person who has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number were born in Canada.
For the 2016 Census, the immigrant population includes people having immigrated no later than May 10, 2016.Recent immigrant refers to a person who obtained a landed immigrant or permanent resident status up to five years prior to a given census year.
In the 2016 Census, this period is January 1, 2011, to May 10, 2016. For the 2011 census year, recent immigrants are landed immigrants who arrived in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011. For the 2006 Census, recent immigrants are landed immigrants who arrived in Canada between January 1, 2001 and Census Day, May 16, 2006.Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals 15 years of age and over who reported income for the year prior to the census. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group.
Note: For confidentiality reasons, averages are estimated only from the sampled population and will be available on October 25, 2017, with the next major Census of Population release.Dollar amount that marks the midpoint of a distribution of households ranked by the size of household. The median income of a specified group of households is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves. That is, the incomes of the first half of households are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median.
Note: Median is the measure of central tendency that is available for 100% of the population.The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income into two halves, i.e. the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income =is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g. males 45 to 54 years of age) with income in that group. Median incomes of households are normally calculated for all units in the specified group, whether or not they reported income.
Note: Median is the measure of central tendency that is available for 100% of the population.'Industry' refers to a generally homogeneous group of economic producing units, primarily engaged in a specific set of activities. An activity is a particular method of combining goods and services inputs, labour and capital to produce one or more goods and/or services (products). In most cases, the activities that define an industry are homogeneous with respect to the production processes used.
The 2016 Census Industry data are based on the North American Industry Classification System [NAICS] 2012. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007, and the 2006 Census data on industry is based on the 2002 NAICS.Kind of work is described in terms of tasks, duties and responsibilities, often including factors such as materials processed or used, the industrial processes used, the equipment used, and the products or services provided. Occupations are generally homogeneous with respect to skill type and skill level.
Occupation applies to the contribution of labour to that part of economic activity that is within the production boundary defined for the System of National Accounts.
The 2016 Census Occupation data based on the National Occupational Classification [NOC] 2016. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011, and the 2006 Census data on occupation are classified according to the National Occupational Classification for Statistics 2006 (NOC–S 2006).This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.
This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.
There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.
This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.
For more information on the CIP classification, see Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016 available from: http://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p3VD.pl?Function=getVD&TVD=299355